There are the terms you should remember:
| ALU - Arithmetic Logical Unit, a digital circuit that performs arithmetic and logical operations. It´s a vital part of the CPU. It has a purpose such as maintaining timer. |
| Accounting and financial-management software - software especially designed to set up accounts,keep track of money flow between accounts, records transactions, adjust balances in accounts, provide an audit trail, automate routine tasks such as check writing, and produce reports. |
| Address - In a spreadsheet, the location of the cell, determined by row numer and column number. |
| Agents - Software programs that can ask questions, respond to commands, pay attention to users works patterns, serve as a guide and a coach, take on owners goals, and use reasoning to fabricate their own goals. |
| American Standard Code for Information Interchange, a set of digital codes widely used as a standard format in the transfer of text between computers. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII |
| ASCII - |
| Automatic correction (autocorrect) - A word processing feature that catches and corrects common typing errors. |
| Automatic footing - A word processing featur that places footnotes where they belong on the page. |
| Automatic formatting - A word processing feature that applies to formatting to the text in the document. |
| Automatic hyphenation - A word processing feature that divides long words that fall at the end of lines. |
| Automatic link - A link between worksheets in a a spreadsheet that ensures that a change in one worksheet is reflected in the other. |
| Automatic recalculation-This is a feature when one value changes, the other values that were dependent to that value changing. It is convinient to try out different values. |
| Backwards Compatible - A new hardware or software that enables less or more powerful versions of software. |
| Bar chart-One of the graphic displays of data on spreadsheets, that are used whn data falls into a few categories. |
| Bar Code Reader - uses light to read universal product codes, inventory codes and any other codes created from patterns of vairable-width bars. |
| Batch Processing - Storing data to process it at a later date. |
| Binary - The computer language consists of 0 and 1. 1 meaning light on, 0 meaning light off. Used by programmers to program computers and programs |
| Bits - is a binary digit, the smallest increment of data on a computer. A bit can hold only one of two values: 0 or 1, corresponding to the electrical values of off or on, respectively. |
| Blueray - can read and write media on special dual layered disks that can hold up to 50GB worth of data. |
| Bot-Software programs that refer to robots that crawl around the Web and collect information for consumers to make decisions, answer emails, and even play games. |
| Browse-To look or research a document or object. |
| Bus-Bus unit handles all communication between the CPU and primary storage. |
| Bytes |
| Cache |
| Cathode-Ray Tube Monitor - a early form of computer monitor that resembles a tv. |
| CD-R - (compact disc recordable) is WORM type disk ( WRITE once READ many). |
| CD-ROM - (compact disc - read only memory) data stored on these discs can only be read and not edited. |
| CD-RW - (compact disc re-writeable) data can be read and edited multiple times. |
| Cell-In spreadsheet, the box representing the intersection of a row and a column |
| Centralized database-Is a system that keeps the data in one single database and one location |
| Client/server-Describes the relationship between two programs. In which the client program would request for a certain task from server, and the server would fulfill the clients requirement. |
| Cluster-Is to improve rendering speeds in life like computer graphics or calculate the sums of complex financial trading computations more quickly. |
| Column-In spreadsheet, the vertical divisions to intersect with the rows and form cells. These are named by the alphabet |
| Compatible - |
| Data - simply information. can be words, images, numbers, they must represent something. |
| Data mining- the process of finding new information from a set of data. |
| Data scrubbing - (data cleaning) the process of going through a database and eliminating the dirty data. |
| Data warehouse - a place where massive amounts of data are stored, users are given more direct access to enterprise data. |
| Database - a collection of data organized for different purposes in real life. |
| Database program - a software tool for organising storage and retrival of information stored in a database. |
| DBMS - (database management system) is a program or system of programs that can manipulate data in a large collection of tables - the |
| Decode Unit - part of a microprocessor that decodes instructions sent to it. it makes the information compatible to the microprocessor's unit. |
| Desktop publishing (DTP)-The technology that can accomplish processing and publish productions with small, affordable, and easy tools. |
| Digital camera - It is a camera that captures photo as digital images; it stores bit patterns on flash memory cards or other digital storage device instead of saving images on film. |
| Digital- made up of discrete, countable units (digits) so it can be subdivided. |
| Digitize - It is a way of converting the information into a digital form, for example, before the computer recognizes some input like printed text, handwriting, etc. Lot of input devices are made to digitize information. |
| Dirty data - data records that contain errors. |
| Display - It is also called as a monitor and it is a one-way window within the computer user and the machine. Before, computers were made to show characters but nowadays, displays are made to present graphics, animation, photo images, and videos, etc so it has variety choice of what you can see in the monitor. |
| Distributed Database? |
| Dot matrix printer - This printer makes output to print text and low-resolution graphics easily as other printers. It uses pinpoint sized hammer to put ink on the paper. |
| DVD - Before, it meant Digital Video Disk since it was made to substitue VHS tapes, but nowadays people call it Digital Versatile Disc since these kind of discs are used to save and distribute all sorts of data. |
| Electronic book (ebook)-a handheld device that can contain books and current news |
| Electronic paper (epaper)-A material that resembles paper but can display black and white text and images on its surface. Unlike real paper, it can be erased and rewritten. |
| Equation solvers-Enables you to define an equation,enter you target value,and watch while the computer determines the necessary data values. |
| ergonomic keyboard - It is a keyboard that is designed to make it easier for people when they are typing something since this keyboard has the natural shape and angle that allows you to be more flexible when using it. |
| Export data? |
| Feedback loop-Is where a plane and pilot react to data from each other, continues throughout the simulation. |
| Field - It is a distinct or discrete chunk of information in a record. Stored by columns. |
| Footers-Text that appears at the top and bottom of every page,displaying repetitive information,such as chapter titles,author names,and automatically calculated page numbers. |
| Formula-A step by step procedure for calculating the desired number. |
| Function-A function in a formula instructs the computer to perform some predefined set of calculations. |
| Gigabytes-2^10=1024...however, for convenience, it is known as 1000 MB, and 1 billion bytes |
| Gigahertz-the unit used to measure the speed of electrical pulses |
| GIGO (garbage in, garbage out)-It is used primarily to call attention to the fact thatwill unquestioningly process the most nonsensical of input data (garbage in) and produce nonsensical output (garbage out). |
| GIS(Geographical Information System) - It is just more than simply mapping and tracking programs but it allows a business to put together tables of data. They can display geographic and demographic data on maps and it allows users to see data relationships. |
| Grammar & style checker-It's a software that analyzes each word in context,checking for erros of context. |
| graphics tablet-can draw on the screen by using a stylus(a pointing device that looks like a pen) to draw on the pad. It will sent the signals into the computer based on what is drawed on the tablet. Mostly used for artists and designers. |
| Groupware-Software designed to be used by a workgroup can keep track of a document's history as it's passed among group members and make sure that all changes are incorporated into a single master document. |
| Handwrting recognition- Reads the handwriting using optical methods and translates it into ASCII characters |
| Hard disc: A non removable magnetic tape disc with a high storage capacity. |
| Header - text that appears at the top (or bottom) of every page, displaying repetitive info e.g. page number, date, publisher. |
| Hot swap- Process of removing or replacing a device inserted into a computer without powering off. Therefore, the computer can instantly recognize new devices. |
| hot swap: Change hardware without turning off the power |
| HTML (hypertext markup language) - a scripting language that is read by browser aplplications and used to create web pages. |
| Identity theft - It is stealing one's identity from unethical way and using it such as collecting the credit card numbers and other personal data from for example like in the post office box. |
| Impact Printer- Types of printers that physically strike the paper to make it absorbs ink(eg. Dot Matrix Printer) |
| Impact printer: a printer that prints by mechanical impacts. |
| Import data - It is receiving data in the format of text files created with such things like word processors, spreeadsheets, or other databases. |
| Inkjet printer- A type of printer that sprays ink onto the paper. Even though it has a high quality, it is cheaper than laser printers. |
| inkjet printer: A printer that prints by spraying ink onto a paper. |
| Input Devices-machines that are used to send in orders into the computer...ex)keyboard, mouse |
| Instruction (programing)-circuitries on the CPU that execute many tasks, basically means and order that other parts of the CPU need to accomplish |
| Interactive processing - It means that users can interact with data through terminals, seeing and modifying values online in real time. |
| interface standards -Standards for ports and other connective technology agreed upon by the hardware industry so that devices made by one manufacturer can be attached to systems made by other companies. |
| interface standards: An interface that has been collectively agreed by various manufacturers to be used as interface. |
| internal drive: A drive mounted from inside the computer |
| joystick -A gearshift-like device used as a controller for arcade-style computer games. |
| Justification - the alignment of text on a line. there are four main type of justification; align text left, align text right, justify and centre. |
| keyboard -Input device, similar to a typewriter keyboard, for entering data and commands into the computer. |
| Kilobytes: It is 1,024 bytes of information and when using 1,024 bytes, it is better technically since 1,024 is 2^10 and it makes it easier when the computer is based on binary system. But generally, people often consider kilobyes as 1,000 bytes instead of 1,024 bytes. |
| Label - text headings that are used to describe pieces of data. |
| laser printer -A nonimpact printer that uses a laser beam to create patterns of electrical charges on a rotating drum. The charged patterns attract black toner and transfer it to paper as the drum rotates. |
| Line chart - used to show trends or relatioships over time, or to show relative distribution of one variable through another. |
| line printer -An impact printer used by mainframes to produce massive printouts. They print characters only, not graphics. |
| liquid crystal displays (LCD) -Flat-panels displays, once primarily used for portable computers but now replacing bulkier CRT monitors for desktops. |
| Macro - text based shortcuts that are scripted into a word processor to help save time with repetetive tasks e.g. <sum>, <max>, <min> |
| magnetic tape - a tape that can hold massive amounts of information in a small space at a relatively low cost. |
| Mail merge - a word processor takes mailing information (names, phone numbers, address, email) from a database and then alters the document to fit the information from the database, this is helpful for mass mailing by buisnesses. |
| Math-processing software - make it easier for mathematicians to create, manipulate and solve equations. |
| Megabytes: It is about 1,000 KB and it is same as 1,000,000 (1 million) bytes. |
| Microprocessor: It can be just called as the 'processor' or also as 'CPU (Central Processing Unit)' and it is like the brain of the computer composed of electronic circuits. What it does is it processes information, does arithmetic calculations, and also makes simple decisions. |
| Modeling - it's the use of computers to create abstract pictures e.g. objects, organisms. You can use applications like spreadsheets (Google Spreadsheets or Microsoft Excel), or programming languages like Java (C++) or HTML to create them. ( also GIMP, Paint.NET, Microsoft Office) |
| Monitor - also called display, is a one way window between the user and the machine. Early displays were designed to display characters, now they are very advanced and show animations and video. |
| Mother Board: It is a circuit board where all the components are put together to form a computer that contains CPU (the 'brain' of the computer) . |
| mouse - a tool used to send commands and positioning the cursor. |
| Multicore Processor -A processor composed of two or more independent core; an integrated circuit to which two or more processors have been attached for enhanced performance, reduced power consumption, and more efficient simultaneous processing of multiple tasks. |
| Multifunction printers (MFP) - combination of a scanner, a laser or inkjet printer, and a fax modem. |
| Multi-touch - a device that allows you to use multi-finger or multi-hand gestures to accomplish complex tasks quickly. |
| Number System - |
| Object-oriented database: It stores objects rather than stroing records in tables and hierarchies. |
| Online banking services - using online software to pay your bills or buy items on-line, as well as check your account balance and transfering funds. |
| Outliner - idea processors. They are built around three major points (as stated in book): arranging information, rearranging ideas or topics, and hiding/showing levels of detail so you can view your project/presentation bit by bit and scroll it back. |
| Output Devices - Devices for sending information from the computer, such as a monitor,printer or speakers. |
| Page-layout software - programs (software) used specifically to combine various documents into one clean, coherent application. |
| Parallel Processing - Using multiple processors to divide jobs into pieces and work simultaneously on the pieces. |
| Personal information manager - (PIM) Application software that helps you organize personal information |
| Petabytes - (PB) 1024 terabytes or 1 quadrillion bytes |
| Pie Chart - a round chart that shows relative proportions of certain parts to whole. |
| Prefetch Unit - instructs the bus to read instruction stored in a particular memory address |
| Privacy - Is when your personal information is stored somewhere but not shared with the public |
| Query - When a database shows specific information. |
| Query language - Codes that makes it easier for the computer to search the database |
| RAM - (random acess memory) is volitile, is used to store programs and data that need to be instantly acessable by the CPU |
| Reader - type of devices designed for computer input that allow computers to read marks rapidly that represent codes |
| Real time - Is when you can view changing values online. |
| Record - The information related to one product in a database. Contains all fields of information in a row. |
| Record Matching - Compiling profiles by combining information from different database files by looking for a shared unique field. |
| Relational Database - A program that allows files to be related to each other so that changes in one file are reflected in other files automatically. |
| Replication - command extensions of the simplest copy/paste function. e.g. fill down/right. |
| Report - A database printout that is an ordered list of selected records and fields in an easy-to-read form. |
| Right to privacy - Freedom from interference into the private sphere of a person's affairs. |
| ROM - (read only memory) is non-volitile, cannot be edited once written |
| Scatter chart - charts that are used to reveal a trend in a relationship between two variables. |
| Scientific-visualization software - software (programs) that use the shape, location (coordinates, xyz) colour, motion and brightness to help us understand relations that are usually invisible to us. |
| Search - Looking for a specific record. |
| Select (records) - Looking for all records that match a set of criteria. |
| Sort? |
| Source document- It is the things like articles, chapters, drawings,charts, photos, etc that are meant to appear in the publication. |
| Speech recognition software - It seeks for patters in the sound waves and translates sounds by putting familiar patters, putting input sound patters into words, differentiating commands from the text, and giving those commands to the software for word processing. |
| Spreadsheet software - It makes it possible for the users to manipulate numbers in ways that would be very difficult or even impossible without spreadsheet software. It could also show the hidden relationships between numbers which is helpful for financial planning and speculation. |
| SQL? |
| Stack chart - It shows how proportions of a whole alters over time. For example, the bars could be shown in the stack chart. |
| Statistical-analysis software - It proposes answers to questions; for example, by experimenting the strength of data relationships. It can also make graphs to show how two or more variables and related to each other. |
| Statistics - It means the collection and analysis of data. |
| Stylesheet- It contains the custom styles for each of the common elements in a specific document. |
| Table? |
| Tax-preparation software - It works as if it was a prefabricated worksheet. For example, when you enter numbers in the blanks in on-screen forms, other blanks are automatically filled by its program. |
| Templates - A file that works as the starting point of a new document. |
| Terabytes - (TB) Approximately 1 million megabytes. |
| Thesaurus - A Book with synonyms and related concepts. |
| UNICODE-Is a coding scheme that supports more than 100,000 unique characters-more than enough for all major world language. |
| Value - The amount a number is worth. |
| What if question - Questions that gives you the result of your "if" in a spreadsheet. |
| Wizard - Help features in a program. This could be a step by step guide for an action. |
| Worksheet - A worksheet works as a synonym about spreadsheets. A worksheet represents a grid of numbers in rows and columns. |
| Writeback-when the result comes out, the bus units record the result which is called writeback. |
| XML? |